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Convert multi-byte UTF-8 strings and binary files across Base64, RFC 4648 Base64URL, URL query parameters, HTML entities, Hex, Base32/Base58, and IDN `xn--` Punycode locally.
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Encoding & URL Studio eliminates `btoa()` Latin1 crashes on Arabic, emoji, and CJK text by operating on true UTF-8 `Uint8Array` byte buffers.
Quick tip: Use Base64URL (`-` and `_`, unpadded) instead of standard Base64 (`+` and `/`) inside URL paths, OAuth PKCE verifiers, and JWT segments.
`btoa()` expects single-byte Latin1 code units; encoding through `TextEncoder` UTF-8 bytes solves it cleanly.
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Open Encoding, URL & Unicode StudioDecode JWT headers & OIDC claims locally, verify and mint HS256/384/512 tokens via Web Crypto, generate OAuth 2.0 PKCE S256 challenges, and test RFC 6238 TOTP 2FA codes.
Compute MD5/SHA-1/256/384/512 text & file checksums, sign HMACs, benchmark & verify bcrypt hashes, encrypt with PBKDF2 AES-256-GCM, and generate RSA-OAEP/ECDSA PEM & JWK keypairs.
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