The short answer

Both are production-grade, battle-tested relational databases that handle most web application workloads equally well. For new projects in 2026, PostgreSQL is the default choice — it has stronger SQL standards compliance, better JSON support, and more advanced features without meaningful downsides at most scales.

MySQL remains the right choice for: WordPress/PHP stacks, teams with deep MySQL expertise, existing MySQL databases you're extending, and hosting environments where MySQL is the only option.

Key differences

Feature	MySQL	PostgreSQL
SQL standards compliance	Good — some non-standard extensions	Excellent — most standards-compliant RDBMS
JSON support	JSON type (stored as text internally)	JSONB (binary JSON — indexed, fast queries)
Full-text search	Basic — works for simple use cases	Advanced — custom dictionaries, ranking, stemming
Custom data types	Limited	Extensive — arrays, hstore, geometric types, custom
Window functions	Since MySQL 8.0	Long-standing, fully featured
Replication	Excellent — mature, widely supported	Good — logical replication improved significantly
Ecosystem/hosting	Wider — supported everywhere	Good — all major cloud providers, Supabase, Neon

Where PostgreSQL wins

JSONB for semi-structured data

PostgreSQL's JSONB column stores JSON in a binary format that can be indexed and queried efficiently. You can have relational data and document data in the same database:

-- Store flexible metadata in JSONB
CREATE TABLE products (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  name TEXT NOT NULL,
  metadata JSONB
);

-- Query with GIN index support
CREATE INDEX idx_products_metadata ON products USING GIN (metadata);
SELECT * FROM products WHERE metadata->>'color' = 'red';

MySQL's JSON type stores data as text and validates JSON syntax, but doesn't support the same indexing capabilities as PostgreSQL's JSONB.

Advanced data types

PostgreSQL has native types that MySQL doesn't:

Arrays: TEXT[], INTEGER[] — store arrays without a join table
Range types: tsrange for date/time ranges — great for scheduling, availability
UUID: Native UUID type with efficient storage and indexing
Geometric types: POINT, CIRCLE, POLYGON — for GIS-adjacent use cases

Standards compliance saves migration pain

PostgreSQL follows the SQL standard closely. MySQL has historically taken liberties — GROUP BY behavior, implicit type coercions, and string comparison case-sensitivity differ from the standard. This matters when migrating between databases or writing portable queries.

Where MySQL wins

WordPress and PHP ecosystem

MySQL is the database for the WordPress/PHP/LAMP stack. If you're running WordPress, phpBB, Drupal, or most PHP applications, MySQL is the right choice — the ecosystem assumes it.

Simpler replication setup

MySQL's binary log-based replication is more mature and simpler to configure than PostgreSQL's replication setup. For read replicas and high-availability MySQL setups, the tooling (ProxySQL, Orchestrator) is more mature.

Wider hosting availability

Every shared hosting provider supports MySQL. PostgreSQL is available on all major cloud providers (AWS RDS, Google Cloud SQL, Azure) and modern platforms (Supabase, Neon, Railway) but is less universal in the shared hosting market.

The practical decision

Starting a new project? PostgreSQL. No meaningful downside and you get better JSON, better types, better standards compliance, and excellent managed hosting (Supabase free tier, Neon free tier, Railway).

Existing MySQL database or WordPress? Stay on MySQL. The migration cost outweighs the feature benefit for existing systems.

Format and debug SQL for either database with the free SQL formatter — it supports both MySQL and PostgreSQL syntax.

Related tools

Free SQL Formatter — format MySQL and PostgreSQL queries instantly
Free JSON Formatter — validate JSONB data before inserting into PostgreSQL

Written by Achraf A., founder of TheFreeAITools.